Australia: Making a Nation

Discussion Questions: Passing of the War Precautions Act 1914

Scenario-Based Question

Imagine you are George Dankel MP, a German-born Member of Federal Parliament representing Boothby, South Australia in 1914.

Many of your German friends and members of your electorate migrated to Australia after being encouraged by the government. However, with the outbreak of World War I, suspicion is growing toward anyone with a German name or accent. People fear they may be spies for the German army.

As a result, many are struggling to find work, and some co-workers refuse to work alongside them. Many of these individuals are now Australian citizens, have married, and have children born in Australia.

A new bill proposes to give the government broad powers, including the ability to impose restrictions on these individuals and potentially place them in internment camps.

  • Would you support giving the government such wide powers, knowing the impact this could have on your friends and electorate? Explain your reasoning.

  • What safeguards or measures should be included in the Act to ensure decision-makers do not act unfairly or overly restrict people’s rights?

Emergency legislation:

Throughout Australia’s history, there have been many examples of extraordinary or emergency legislation being introduced, such as during World War I and more recently during the COVID-19 pandemic.

  • Why is emergency legislation sometimes necessary?

  • What can emergency legislation allow governments to do that normal legislation cannot?

  • What checks and balances should be in place to ensure emergency powers are not misused?

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