What is the Rule of Law?
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The rule of law is the concept that both the government and citizens know the law and obey it. There are clear, fair, and predictable laws and no one is above the law. Independent courts, separation of powers, and checks and balances protect rights, limit arbitrary power, and provide a stable, democratic framework for justice and accountability in modern society.
Key Concepts
The law is applied equally and fairly, so that no one is above the law.
The separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
The judicial system is independent and impartial with open justice
The law is made by representatives of the people in an open and transparent way.
The law is capable of being known by everyone, so that everyone can comply.
People can only be punished in accordance with the law
No one is subject adversely to a retrospective change of the law or prosecuted, for any offence not known to the law when committed.
Government agencies to act as model litigants
All people are presumed to be innocent until proven otherwise and are entitled to remain silent and are not required to incriminate themselves.
The law and its administration is subject to open and free criticism by the people, who may assemble without fear.
A strong culture of lawfulness, supported by informed citizens, sustains the rule of law
The legacy of the Rule of Law comes from the Magna Carta when the English Barons protested against the arbitrary rule of King John in 1215.
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Equality Before the Law
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Presumption of Innocence
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Independent and Impartial Judiciary
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